英语独立成分例句

问题描述

精选答案

插入一个词或一个词组,不作任何成分,又和这些成分没有语法关系,叫句子的独立成分。有感叹词、肯定词(yes)、否定词(no)、称呼语和插入语等。

1、感叹词,表喜、怒、哀、乐。如:

Oh, it’s you!

Hello! This is Shirley speaking.

Well, here we are at last. 好啦,我们终于到了。

2、肯定词和否定词:

Yes, it is. No, they are not.

3、称呼语(The Direct Address),称呼人的用语叫做称呼语。

Well, how about it, young man怎么样 小伙子。

4、插入语,在句子里往往可以插入一些情态词(或叫语气词,如perhaps, certainly)、短语(如of course, to be frank, in other words, generally speaking)或句子(如I am sure,I am afraid, I suppose, I think)。

This is all we have got, you see. 我们所有的都在这儿,你瞧。

二、分词在独立结构中的用法

分词短语作状语时,有三种情况注意:

一是它在逻辑上的主语就是句子的主语(相同);

二是有时分词短语可以另有它自己的独立的逻辑主语;

三是分词短语不用带逻辑主语。分词和它自己这个独立的逻辑主语合在一起构成一个短语,放在句首或句末,在句子里作为一个状语短语来表示时间、原因、条件等,这个短语就叫做独立分词结构(The Absolute Participial Construction)。如:

Night coming(=When night was coming), we started for home. (第二种情况)黑夜来临时,我们动身回家。

The students having taken their seats, the old scientist began the story of his new experiment.(第二种情况)

学生就座后,老科学家开始讲他的新实验。

It being Sunday(=As it was Sunday), all of them went out. (第二种情况)

Weather permitting, I’ll come. (第二种情况)

He lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head. (第二种情况)

他脸朝天头枕着手躺着。

This done, he locked the door and went to bed. (第二种情况)

做完这事他就锁门睡觉了。

另外,有些分词短语在句子里可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在。往往作为句子里的插入语来修饰全句。如:generally speaking, strictly speaking, broadly speaking(广泛地说), judging from…(或judging by…)(就……而判断), talking of…(谈到……,说起……), considering...(考虑到……),等等。

Considering her age, she looks young. (第三种情况)

照年龄说来,她显得年轻些。

Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed. (第三种情况)

根据你所说来推测,他应该会成功。